The other planets in the sky are observed and discovered accidentally, but Neptune was discovered through scientific calculations and mathematical predictions. It took about 165 Earth years to make one orbit around the Sun, since it is weakly bound by the Sun’s gravitational force at a distance of 2.8 billion kilometers. The heat liberated may also be responsible for the storminess in Neptune’s atmosphere, which exhibits the fastest winds seen on any planet in the solar system.Young Scientist, July 13, 2011: Neptune, the eight planet in the solar system, is back to where it was spotted in 1846. It receives less than half as much sunlight as Uranus, but heat escaping from its interior makes Neptune slightly warmer than Uranus. Like the other giant planets, Neptune consists primarily of hydrogen, helium, water, and other volatile compounds, along with rocky material, and it has no solid surface. It is more massive than Uranus, however, having a density roughly 25 percent higher. Neptune is almost four times the size of Earth but slightly smaller than Uranus, which makes it the smallest in diameter of the four giant, or Jovian, planets. Magnetic field strength at equator (mean) Neptunian year (sidereal period of revolution) **Calculated for the altitude at which 1 bar of atmospheric pressure is exerted. *Time required for the planet to return to the same position in the sky relative to the Sun as seen from Earth. Although the dwarf planet Pluto’s mean distance from the Sun is greater than Neptune’s, its orbit is so eccentric (elongated) that for about 20 years of each revolution Pluto is actually nearer the Sun than is Neptune.
Neptune’s orbit is almost perfectly circular as a result, its distance from the Sun varies comparatively little over its nearly 164-year period of revolution. Its discovery in 1846 was a remarkable combination of the application of solid Newtonian physics and a belief in a numerological scheme that later proved to be scientifically unfounded ( see below Neptune’s discovery). It is the second planet to have been found by means of a telescope. Neptune is named for the Roman god of the sea, who is identified with the Greek deity Poseidon, a son of the Titan Cronus (the Roman god Saturn) and a brother of Zeus (the Roman god Jupiter). With a small telescope, it appears as a tiny, faint blue-green disk. Because of its great distance from Earth, it cannot be seen with the unaided eye. Neptune, third most massive planet of the solar system and the eighth and outermost planet from the Sun. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.
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